Human intervention and natural factors, such as climate change, threaten the sea turtle ecosystem in Indonesia, which has six of the world’s seven turtle species. Only four are now routinely sighted. The government has issued regulations related to conservation but a decline in populations has prompted renewed efforts, including a National Action Plan.

Human intervention, along with natural factors such as abrasion and climate change, is threatening the sea turtle ecosystem in Indonesia, according to Agus Dermawan, Main Expert at the Marine Affairs and Fishery Ministry. Additionally, temperature affects the growth of sea turtles inside their eggs, with higher temperatures increasing the likelihood of female hatchlings, which could hinder the turtle breeding process. Since 1980, the government has issued regulations related to sea turtle protection, but currently only four of the six sea turtle species in Indonesia are routinely spotted. To strengthen sea turtle protection, the government has issued a National Action Plan on turtle conservation for the 2022-2024 period, and expects various efforts from government, private parties, and the public to result in better protection and preservation of the ecosystem.