Included in Ocronos magazine. I returned. Nº 3–March 2023. Initial page: Vol. VI; #3: 274
Main author (first signatory): Beatriz Martinez Modrego
Reception date: February 27, 2023
Acceptance date: March 23, 2023
Ref.: Ocronos. 2023;6(3) 274
Authors
- Beatriz Martinez Modrego
- Belen Rodriguez Lorente
- Jose Alberto Espinosa Plo
- Rumyana Georgieva Ivanova
- Vanessa Alvarez Alvarez
- Estibaliz Esperanza Hernandez
Summary
Breast cancer is a disease called cancer that forms in the cells of the breasts.
Breast cancer begins with a lump in the breast that causes swelling or in the armpit. It can be noticed when taking a shower, it occurs in that area and it can be noticed.
Breast cancer can start anywhere in the breast, it can affect one part, or it can affect all 4 parts of the breast. The breast has three main parts that are: connective tissue, ducts and lobules.
Lobules are glands that produce milk. The ducts are the tubes that carry milk to the nipple. Connective tissue surrounds and supports all parts of the breast. Most breast cancers start in the ducts or lobules.
Breast cancer can spread outside the breast through blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. When breast cancer spreads to other parts of the body, this is called metastasis.
The patient can control some of the risk factors, such as not drinking too much alcohol, since it is a big risk factor that can be avoided.
The more risk factors you have, the easier it is for you to get this cancer. Most women with breast cancer have no family history or risk factors.
Keywords
Chemotherapy, tumor, early arrest
Introduction
Breast cancer, neoplasty is the most frequent that occurs in women. For the diagnosis of the patient, it will be necessary to perform a biopsy and an ultrasound.
Cancer can be caused by these factors: Being a woman, older age, personal history of breast cancer, family history, hereditary genes, postmenopausal hormone therapy, having had another cancer, late menopause over age 55, obesity, stress.
The surgical treatment used to try to prevent breast cancer is mastectomy, which involves the removal of the breast.
Women who have not been mothers have a higher risk of breast cancer.
Early breast cancer does not cause symptoms, which is why regular examinations are important, so that it can be caught on time.
Clinical case
A 32-year-old woman, void, with a family history: her aunt suffered breast cancer for which she underwent surgery, an athletic girl with a good healthy diet. No allergies, she does not take medication. She goes to the doctor because last week when she showered she noticed some small lumps on her right breast.
The next day she was transferred to the oncology unit to be seen by the specialist and a surgical intervention was performed, resecting more of the breast than expected.
After performing the biopsy and mastectomy surgery, a Nursing care plan will be drawn up during admission to the hospitalization floor.
When he enters the plant, his state is conscious and oriented.
TCAE (Auxiliary Nursing Care Technician) procedure for patient care
The room will be around 24ºC.
Two basins will be used, one for cleaning and the other for rinsing. Before starting, the procedure that we are going to follow will be explained to you.
If she looks strong, the patient will be able to collaborate, so it will be seen that she will feel more useful.
We will begin to clean the face and ears, then arms and torso, we will continue with the legs and with the help of the orderly to mobilize her, while we proceed to wash her back.
You will be given cream so that the skin is hydrated and does not dry out. This time the bed will be made from top to bottom.
We will start by putting the bottom sheet, quadrant in the bag that needs it and a triad, from head to waist and then from waist to feet.
Once already cleaned and covered, the nurse will be called to proceed with the cure. We will prepare everything you need in a priest’s car and we will help you to do so.
We will remove clothes and basins.
Once cured, we will proceed to give her breakfast since she can hardly move her arms.
We will put you in the Fowler position at about 45º.
Conclusion
Today more and more breast cancer is caught on time and each year the investigations are advancing little by little. If you have a family history, you should go to the doctor to do the necessary check-ups.
You could reduce your risk by living a healthy lifestyle and exercising two to three times a week.
The preparation of a care plan is essential in order to give a correct response to the problems presented by patients, guaranteeing their comprehensive care. This allows giving care in a logical and quality way, thus reflecting the effectiveness of Nursing care.
From my point of view, they should give more money so that researchers can investigate more about this disease and progress faster in order to cure all women, since it is the main cause of mortality in women.
Bibliography
- breast cancer [Internet]. Mayoclinic.org. 2022 [citado el 11 de febrero de 2023]. Disponible en: s-conditions/breast-cancer/ symptoms-causes/syc-20352470
- CDC Spanish. What is breast cancer? [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2022 [citado el 11 de febrero de 2023]. Disponible en: https:// www.cdc.gov/spanish/cancer/breast/basic_ info/what-is-breast-cancer.htm
