Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. It can provide the energy and nutrients the body needs, and help the body maintain normal metabolism and function. If you skip breakfast, your body will feel a lack of energy, which in turn will cause your blood sugar to drop. As a result, blood sugar spikes are prone to occur at lunch, which increases the risk of diabetes and obesity.
A century ago, scientists discovered that if people skip a meal, their blood sugar will rise inexplicably after the next meal. This phenomenon was later called the “second meal phenomenon”. This phenomenon was first observed in healthy people, and after many reconfirmations, the question arises, do people with type 2 diabetes also have second meals?
A 2009 study in the journal Diabetes Care investigated the relationship between type 2 diabetes and the phenomenon of second meals. The study recruited 8 obese people with type 2 diabetes to conduct the experiment. Their age was 56.1 ± 2.8 years, BMI 36.0 ± 2.5, HbA1c 6.7 ± 2 (glycosylated hemoglobin, which can be used to see long-term blood sugar control), The duration of diabetes was 8.1 ± 0.5 years. The study was designed for three days with different combinations of:
1.Day A: Eat breakfast & lunch.
2.Day B: Do not eat breakfast, but eat lunch.
3.Day C: Skip breakfast and inject arginine intravenously 1 hour before lunch.
breakfast:50 grams of oatmeal, 100 grams of milk, 56 grams of two slices of toast, 20 grams of jam, 20 grams of milk marin, 200 ml of orange juice. (The nutritional content of this meal: 646 calories, 106 grams of carbohydrates, 18 grams of lipids, and 15 grams of protein).
Lunch:Cheese sandwich, 200ml orange juice, 170g yogurt and 150g jelly. (Nutritional ingredients: 858 calories, 103 grams of carbohydrates, 30 grams of lipids, and 44 grams of protein.).
The results of the study found that the subjects, that is, people with type 2 diabetes and obesity also had second meals. If they had breakfast, their blood sugar after lunch could be reduced by 95%, while the result in healthy people was 73%. , which means that the second meal phenomenon may have a greater impact on people with type 2 diabetes than normal people. In addition, if you have eaten breakfast, the concentration of free fatty acids in the blood after lunch will be less; if you do not eat breakfast, free fatty acids will rise together with blood sugar.
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