In emf (electromotive force), there are two types of elements namely primary and secondary elements. Primary elements are electrical elements that cause electrons to flow from the anode to the cathode, but the direction of the reaction cannot be reversed. The secondary element is an electrical element that flows electrons from the anode to the cathode, which can be recharged when they are depleted.
It turns out that the two elements can still be divided into different element types, here. Want to know something? Come on, watch the thread this time!
1. Voltaic element
The voltaic element includes elements whose electric current source is in the same direction. Voltaic elements require element replacement after use. This element was discovered by Alessandro Volta while conducting experiments on a copper-zinc metal during the generation of an electromotive force (EMF).
In his experiments, he found that the copper stress was greater than the zinc stress. Thus, the positive pole is owned by the copper and the negative pole is owned by the zinc when connected to a conducting wire. When paired with a lamp, the lamp will light up, but only for a short time.
2. Elements of Leclanche
battery illustration. (Personal Pier/Husein Fadhilah)The Leclanche element is also known as the dry element. This element is a primary element that is difficult to recharge if the charge is depleted. When this element works, the element zinc in it will react to become zinc chloride, because hydrogen is released and ammonium chloride expands.
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The structure of the Leclanche element is a carbon rod, a part filled with MnO2, carbon, kawi, depolarizer, electrolyte containing NH4Cl, insulating carbon and zinc vessel. The positive pole is on the carbon rod, while the negative pole is on the zinc vessel. An example of a Leclanche element is a battery.
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3. Elements of Daniel
daniel element illustration. (Personal Pier/Husein Fadhilah)Daniel’s element, which is a modification of Alexandro Volta’s element, has a more interesting structure. There are several sections which are complemented by different elements. First, there is a copper sulphate solution that can prevent polarization. The polarization is blocking the flow of electricity of H2 to the copper plate. Secondly, there is a dilute solution of adam sulfate which allows ions to flow from one electrode to another.
4. Aki
car battery illustration. (Personal Pier/Husein Fadhilah)The battery is a wet secondary element consisting of a hard rubber/glass vessel, H2SO4 solution and two perforated lead frames. The positive is a perforated lead sheet and the negative is a hard rubber/glass vessel. If the battery is in use, the lead oxide layer will react to form lead sulfate.
If we recharge the battery, there will be a change of energy in the battery that was previously electrical energy into chemical energy while the opposite happens during use. An example of a battery is a car battery.
So, there are 4 elements besides primary elements and secondary elements. You can find these items in everyday life.
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