What is the Hendra Virus? Symptoms, Transmission, and Risks

Launching the WHO, symptoms of Hendra virus infection in humans range from mild illnesses such as influenza to fatal respiratory or neurological diseases. Citing the Ministry of Health, one of the earliest cases of this virus was a veterinarian and an officer who handles horse farms (in Australia) which then sickened the horse and transmitted it to humans.

According to the CDC, after an incubation of 9-16 days, Hendra virus infection can cause respiratory illness with severe flu-like signs and symptoms. In some cases, the disease can progress to encephalitis. Although Hendra virus infection is rare, the case fatality rate is high: 4/7 (57%).

Symptoms of the Hendra virus in horses

Hendra virus can cause a variety of symptoms in horses. There is usually a rapid onset of illness, fever, increased heart rate and rapid decline with respiratory and/or neurological (nervous system) signs.

Symptoms of Hendra virus in humans

Symptoms of Hendra virus in humans develop between 5 and 21 days after contact with infectious horses. Initial symptoms may include fever, cough, sore throat, headache and fatigue. Meningitis or encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) may develop, causing headache, high fever, and drowsiness, and sometimes convulsions and coma.

According to WHO, there is no specific treatment for Hendra virus cases in humans. Intensive supportive care is provided, and the use of monoclonal antibodies is being investigated. There is a registered Hendra veterinary vaccine and vaccination is recognized as an effective way to reduce the risk of horses becoming infected and to reduce the chances of exposure to humans.

–