The concept of so-called battery rental is nothing new in the world, but each manufacturer approaches it a little differently. Probably the most interesting and most efficient way is offered by the car manufacturer NIO, which thanks to the BaaS program (Battery as a Service) allows a complete replacement of a discharged battery with a new one in special stations.
In addition to buying an electric car and a battery, its rental in Europe is also offered by the Renault brand. The customer pays for the car, while paying a monthly fee for the battery. The customer thus saves, while the carmaker is responsible for the capacity. However, if the customer stops paying, the carmaker can remotely limit charging.