NASA/JPL-Caltech
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Illustration of a mysterious brown dwarf object.
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Nationalgeographic.co.id—Si’s privileges Chocolate Dwarf is that it is too big to be called a planet, but also too small to be a star. Many even refer to it as ‘star fail’.
However, not a few of the scientists are curious about this one space object. Because, brown dwarf is a very rare object. Even what scientists know accurately today is only about 30 brown dwarf.
Owned mass brown dwarf is among the heaviest gas planets and star the lightest. Scientists are still unable to pinpoint the exact location of their elusive mass. However, their constitution is more similar to star low mass. To find out whether an object is a brown dwarf or star Another low-mass, joint team of scientists led by scientists from the University of Geneva conducted a study on the newly discovered object.
A total of five low-mass objects have been identified by the spacecraft Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), the five objects have masses that are difficult to determine, because they are near the boundary between star and brown dwarf. Combined scientists from University of Geneva (UNIGE), and the Swiss National Research Competency Center (NCCR / Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research) PlanetS teamed up with the University of Bern to try to uncover it. The results have been published in the Journal Astronomy & Astrophysics on August 20, 2021 entitled ‘Populating the brown dwarf and stellar boundary: Five stars with transiting companions near the hydrogen-burning mass limit’.
The five objects that were found were given the nicknames TOI-148, TOI-587, TOI-681, TOI-746, and TOI-1213. The identification of the five will help scientists understand the mysterious nature of the brown dwarf.
As reported by Techexplorist.com, Monika Lendl, a researcher in the Department of Astronomy at UNIGE and a member of the Planets NCCR, said, “Therefore, these five new objects contain valuable information. Each discovery reveals additional clues about the nature of brown dwarfs and gives us a better understanding of how they formed and why they are so rare.”
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Thibaut Roger / UNIGE
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This artist’s illustration represents five brown dwarfs discovered with the TESS satellite. These objects all orbit near 5-27 days around their much larger parent star.
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The mass limits of a brown dwarf depend on its chemical composition, the way it was formed, and its initial radius. So to identify this brown dwarf is not easy, scientists must study it in detail.
Francois Bouchy, professor at UNIGE and member of NCCR PlanetS, said, “One of the clues scientists have found for calling these objects brown dwarfs is the relationship between their size and age. Brown dwarfs should shrink over time as they burn off their deuterium reserves and cool off. Here we find that the two oldest objects, TOI 148 and TOI 746, have smaller radii, while their two younger companions have larger radii.”
The research team temporarily called these objects ‘companion’ objects because they orbit their parent star with an orbital period of 5 to 27 days. The five new objects have radii between 0.81 and 1.66 times that of Jupiter and are 77 and 98 times more massive. This is what makes scientists confused to determine. Because, from the data, it has placed them on the border between brown dwarfs and stars.
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Shutterstock
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NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) has identified 5 unidentified objects.
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“But these objects are so close to the limit that they could easily become very low-mass stars, and astronomers are still not sure whether they are brown dwarfs or not.” say Nolan Grieves, a researcher in the Department of Astronomy at the UNIGE School of Science, who is also a member of NCCR PlanetS.
He also added, “Even with these additional objects, we still lack the numbers to draw definitive conclusions about the differences between brown dwarfs and low-mass stars. Further studies are needed to know for sure.”
From the results of the scientists’ research, it can be concluded that the brown dwarf is indeed an object that is difficult to understand. To identify them, more detailed and in-depth data collection is really needed.
Also Read: Researchers Find Dwarf Planets Beyond Neptune’s Orbit
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