Abstract : This PhD study concerns sexual, emotional, physical and environmental violence in the workplace. Psychology research has identified that the factors that contribute to violence in the workplace are related to the individual, the organisation, to personality and changes in work conditions, while the law considers violence as the result of behaviours or attitudes described in the articles of the law. This study has three aims: a) to identify the different forms of violence in an organisational environment and classify them by frequency and perpetrator, b) to develop and validate a French scale of environmental harassment at work, and c) to identify the individual and organisational factors liable to predict environmental harassment at work.(a) 93% of the participants had experienced violence in the workplace, which can be divided into 4 groups: offences against physical integrity, violation of the dignity of a person, denigration of the person, denigration of work.(b) A scale of environmental harassment at work (EHET) was validated, with 4 dimensions: manipulation of the acoustic environment, manipulation of the work environment, manipulation of the personal environment, and manipulation of the private space.(c) Perceived organisational support and attachment to the workplace negatively correlate with the dimensions Manipulation of the acoustic environment, Manipulation of the work space and Manipulation of the work environment.This work shows that organisations would benefit from the work of environmental psychology in order to meet their obligation to prevent violence in the workplace.
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Résumé : This thesis focuses on violence at work, whether sexual, moral, physical or environmental. Research in psychology identifies individual, organizational and personality factors and the transformation of work as the origin of violence, while the law deals with violence as being the result of behaviors or attitudes listed in articles of law. This doctoral work aims to meet three objectives: (a) identify the different forms of violence in an organizational environment and classify them according to their frequency and their perpetrator; (b) construct and validate a French scale of environmental harassment at work and (c) identify individual and organizational factors likely to predict environmental harassment at work. (a) 93% of the participants suffered violence in their workplace which can be grouped into 4 classes: attack on the integrity of the person, attack on dignity, denigration of the person, denigration of work. (b) an environmental harassment at work-EHET scale has been validated comprising 4 dimensions: handling of the acoustic environment, handling of the work environment, handling of the personal environment and handling of space staff. (c) Perceived organizational support and attachment to the workplace correlate negatively with the dimensions Acoustic Environment Manipulation, Workspace Manipulation and Work Environment Manipulation. This work shows that organizations would benefit from relying on work in environmental psychology to meet their obligation to prevent violence.
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