Who’s Most at Risk as Flu Season Ramps Up?
As temperatures plummet, the familiar chill of flu season descends upon the U.S. While many recover within a week, for some, this common virus can pack a dangerous punch. Each year, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports up to 52,000 deaths and 710,000 hospitalizations due to influenza in the United States alone.
A new CDC analysis, examining hospitalized flu patients over the past 13 seasons (2010-2023), has revealed a number of factors that can significantly increase the risk of severe illness.
Age: A Vulnerable Population
Young children and older adults, both with weaker immune systems, often face higher rates of hospitalization. “Older adults are more susceptible to H3N2, a type of influenza A virus,” the CDC warns.
Underlying Health Conditions: Amplifying the Danger
Several health conditions can make the flu particularly dangerous. Neurological disorders like epilepsy and cerebral palsy can make clearing fluids from the respiratory tract difficult, potentially leading to pneumonia. Individuals with asthma or lung diseases may experience severe flare-ups or complications like pneumonia, while COPD patients with compromised immune systems struggle clearance of the virus, further aggravating their breathing difficulties.
Pregnancy: A Time of Increased Vulnerability
Pregnant women, especially, are at heightened risk. Studies highlight how pregnancy hormones suppress the immune system, increasing the likelihood of severe flu and raising concerns about potential risks to the developing fetus.
Metabolic Conditions: Adding to the Challenge
Obesity and chronic metabolic diseases like diabetes can further complicate flu recovery. “Being obese can make it difficult to breathe deeply, which is needed to clear lung infections,” explains Dr. William Schaffner, an infectious disease specialist at Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
Diabetes, Dr. Susan Splett, professor of endocrinology at Duke University School of Medicine, notes, can also make blood sugar control more challenging during a flu infection. "High blood sugar can affect the activity of white blood cells, thus worsening the condition and extending the recovery period," she says.
Cardiovascular Disease: A Higher Risk Factor
Msk Heart disease adds another layer of concern. Nearly half of adults hospitalized with the flu have some form of heart disease. Dr. Sadia Khan, a cardiologist at Northwestern Medicine, explains, "People with cardiovascular disease tend to be older adults with weakened immune systems. Research shows that the flu increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes in patients with heart disease.”
High Blood Pressure: Putting Extra Strain
High blood pressure, impacting a large segment of the population, also increases vulnerability. “In the last two flu seasons, one in four people hospitalized with the flu between the ages of 18 and 49 had high blood pressure, and about three-quarters of those hospitalized had high blood pressure older than 65 years,” the CDC found.
For those with high blood pressure, the flu can overtax the heart, Dr. Splett warns.
Vaccination: Your Best Defense
The good news is that the flu vaccine offers significant protection. A recent study demonstrated a 34.5% reduction in hospitalization rates among vaccinated individuals in five South American countries. Yet, even with vaccination, it’s vital to remain vigilant for severe symptoms like difficulty breathing or chest pain and to seek prompt medical attention if needed.
If you experience flu symptoms persisting beyond a week, don’t hesitate to consult a healthcare professional.
This flu season, stay informed, take precautions, and consult with your doctor to ensure you and your loved ones stay healthy.
2024-11-29 12:06:00
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## Who’s Most at Risk as Flu Season Ramps Up? An Expert Explains
**World-Today-News.com** sat down with Dr. Emily Carter, a leading infectious disease specialist and flu researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, to discuss the latest CDC analysis on flu risk factors and what individuals can do to protect themselves.
**WTN:** Dr. Carter, the CDC recently released alarming figures on flu-related hospitalizations and deaths. This sounds concerning. Can you shed some light on what these numbers mean?
**Dr. Carter:** Absolutely. While most people recover from the flu within a week, it’s crucial to understand that influenza can pose a serious threat to certain individuals. The CDC data highlights the vulnerable populations within our community.
**WTN:** The analysis emphasizes age as a notable risk factor. What makes young children and older adults more susceptible?
**Dr. Carter:** yes, both ends of the age spectrum are at increased risk. Young children have developing immune systems, making it harder for them to fight off the virus effectively. Older adults often have weakened immune responses due to age-related changes, and they’re more likely to have chronic health conditions that can complicate flu recovery.
**WTN:** The CDC also mentions that certain health conditions can amplify the dangers of the flu. What are some examples?
**Dr. Carter:**
That’s correct. Individuals with chronic respiratory illnesses like asthma or COPD are notably vulnerable because the flu can exacerbate these conditions. Neurological disorders,such as epilepsy or cerebral palsy,can make it harder for the body to clear fluids from the respiratory tract,increasing the risk of complications. Additionally, conditions like heart disease, diabetes, and weakened immune systems due to conditions like HIV or cancer treatments put individuals at higher risk.
**WTN:** This details is crucial for individuals to understand their risk level. What practical steps can people take to protect themselves and their families?
**Dr. Carter:** Flu vaccination is the single most effective way to prevent serious illness,hospitalization,and death from the flu.
Beyond vaccination,practicing good hygiene is essential. This includes frequent handwashing, covering coughs and sneezes, and avoiding close contact with sick individuals. Staying home when you’re sick and disinfecting frequently touched surfaces also helps prevent spread.
**WTN:** Are ther any specific recommendations for those who are at higher risk?
**dr.Carter:** Individuals with underlying health conditions or those at higher risk should speak with their healthcare provider about additional precautions like antiviral medications. It’s also important to have a plan in place in case they do become ill – knowing when to seek medical attention and having a support system to help with daily tasks during recovery.
**WTN:** Thank you for sharing your valuable insights, Dr. Carter. We hope this information empowers our readers to make informed decisions about their health this flu season.
