Scientists whose discoveries are able to help the life of the world, call it Patricia Bath (1942-2029) who discovered the technology of laser cataract surgery. Then there was George Carruthers (1939-2020), the scientist who invented the world’s first lunar telescope and helped astronomers explore outer space.
Here are 7 world scientists who helped change the world with their findings:
1. Charles Kuen Kao (1933-2018): Inventor of broadband technology
Known as the father of fiber optic communications, Charles Kuen Kao revolutionized the way we communicate. In the mid-1960s, Kao proposed a way to convey information, in the form of light, via fiber optic cables.
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The cable consists of a long, glass tube through which a beam of light is fired. To prevent light from leaking out the sides, Kao used pure glass in which the walls of the pipe act as mirrors for photons, or light particles, forcing them to bounce inside the pipe and continue traveling down the pipe—a phenomenon called total internal reflection, according to the journal Mayo Clinic. Proceedings.
Thanks to this innovation, light information can be transmitted across great distances, which is perfect for telecommunications. In 2009, Kao won the Nobel Prize in Physics for outstanding achievements.
2. Patricia Bath (1942-2019): Laser cataract removal
As we age, our ability to see can be impaired. One of the common age-related diseases is the development of cataracts.
At the front of each eye, a glass-like lens focuses an image of the outside world onto the light-sensing cells at the back of the eye.
As we age, the proteins that make up the lens can slowly break down and turn once crystal clear lenses cloudy, according to the UK’s National Eye Institute (NEI). In extreme cases, the image can be shrouded in darkness.
Various treatments for cataract has been around since the fifth century BC, according to a 2016 article in the journal Missouri Medicine. One of these treatments, called “couching,” uses a needle to remove the cataract from the visual axis of the eye, allowing the patient to regain vision, even if only temporarily.
However, over the centuries, methods of removing, replacing, and eliminating cloudy buildup have evolved, and a major medical breakthrough occurred in 1986, when Patricia Bath invented the Laserphaco Probe, according to MIT.
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