Infectious Measles Case Confirmed in Detroit: Health Officials Investigate Potential Exposure
A 4-year-old from Detroit has been diagnosed with measles, according to the Detroit Health Department. The child, who was not vaccinated and has no history of international travel, sought treatment for the highly contagious virus at DMC Children’s Hospital of Michigan, an urgent care center, and a pharmacy in the city. Health officials are currently investigating the source of the infection, but state that the case appears to be isolated at this time.
Measles Case Details and Potential Exposure
Dr. Claudia Richardson, the city health department’s medical director, confirmed that the unvaccinated child was not hospitalized but received treatment in the emergency department at Children’s Hospital. Anyone who was present at the following locations and times may have been exposed to the virus:
- Acadian Urgent Care, 2117 Springwells, Detroit, on April 1 from noon to 3 p.m.
- Rite Health Pharmacy, 5851 W. Vernor, Detroit, on April 1 from 1:45 to 4 p.m.
- Emergency department at DMC Children’s Hospital of Michigan, 3901 Beaubien Blvd., Detroit, on April 3 from 5 to 10 a.m.
Measles Symptoms and Complications
Measles symptoms typically appear seven to 14 days after exposure and can include high fever, cough, runny nose, watery eyes, and a distinctive rash that spreads from the face to the trunk, arms, and legs. The virus is highly contagious, and individuals can unknowingly spread it before experiencing symptoms.
If left untreated, measles can lead to serious complications, including pneumonia, encephalitis, and even death. In fact, 1 in 5 individuals who contract the measles end up hospitalized. In light of these risks, health officials stress the importance of measles vaccinations.
Preventative Measures: Vaccination Efforts and Waning Immunization Rates
Measles infections can be prevented through vaccination. Administration of two doses of the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR) provides 97% protection against the virus. However, vaccination rates in Michigan have fallen to an alarming 66% among toddlers, significantly below the recommended childhood immunization level, as reported by the MDHHS.
Recommended Measles Vaccination Guidelines
- Children: The CDC recommends a first dose of the MMR vaccine between 12-15 months old, followed by a booster shot between ages 4-6.
- Adults: Individuals born in or after 1957, who lack evidence of immunity to measles or have not received two doses of MMR vaccine, should get vaccinated.
- High-Risk Individuals: Adults at high risk, including international travelers, college students, and healthcare personnel born in or after 1957, should receive two doses of the MMR vaccine.
- Post-Exposure: Individuals exposed to measles who cannot prove immunization should get post-exposure prophylaxis within 72 hours of initial exposure. Intravenous immunoglobulin can be administered within six days of exposure to potentially provide protection.
Importance of Timely Notifications and Public Education
Health officials highlight the importance of prompt public notification when measles cases arise. Unfortunately, in this instance, the notification period arrived after the window for post-exposure treatment. Although vaccinations are no longer a viable option for these potential cases, the focus now is on educating the public regarding potential exposures, monitoring symptoms, and urging vaccination.
Measles Cases in Michigan and National Outlook
This recent measles case marks the fifth confirmed instance within Michigan in 2024. Despite the increase in cases, the situation does not currently meet the CDC’s definition of an outbreak. As of April 4, the CDC reported a total of 113 measles cases in the US this year, with 58% resulting in hospitalization.
Health officials continue to emphasize the importance of measles vaccination as a crucial step in preventing the spread of this highly contagious virus. Additionally, the Detroit Health Department’s Immunizations Clinic offers a range of vaccinations, including measles, to the public.
