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Some food and beverage products that utilize micro-organisms are tempeh, yogurt, tape, and many more.
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What exactly is meant by these microorganisms and what are the food processing processes that use them?
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Examples of Food and Beverage Products Utilizing Microorganisms
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Food and beverage products that utilize microorganisms are those whose processes are related to the fermentation stage.
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Tape: Using the fungus Rhizopus oryzae for fermentation
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Yogurt: Utilizes lactobacillus bacteria for the fermentation process
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Soy sauce: Uses Aspergillus wentii mushroom for fermentation
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Tempe: Utilizing microorganisms Lactobacillus fermentum, Rhizopus oligosporus, or Rhizopus stolonifer.—–
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Talking about the use of microorganisms cannot be separated from food technology known as biotechnology. Biotechnology is a technology applied to food processing.
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Biotechnology utilizes microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, to produce a food product and has been used by many food manufacturers, both conventionally and modernly.
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Conventional biotechnology generally uses microorganisms to carry out the fermentation process, such as making tempeh, tape, tofu, and oncom. While modern biotechnology still uses microorganisms, but utilizes other processes such as the addition of biochemistry and DNA engineering. This modern technology is rarely used because it is more complicated and more expensive.
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The selection of microorganisms and the technology used to process each food depends on the process and the desired end result.
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Definition of Microorganisms
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In the book Microorganisms and Their Utilization, Nur Hidayat, 2008, explained that microorganisms or microbes are living organisms that are very small and can only be observed with the aid of a microscope. —Some microorganisms are composed of one cell (unicellular) and some are composed of several cells (multicellular). Although unicellular organisms consist of only one cell, these microorganisms exhibit all the characteristics of living organisms, namely metabolizing, reproducing, differentiating, communicating, moving, and evolving.
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Organisms that belong to the group of microorganisms are bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, microscopic algae, and viruses. Bacteria, viruses, and archaea belong to the prokaryote group, while fungi, protozoa, and microscopic algae belong to the eukaryotic group. In biotechnology, microorganisms are usually used as elements of producing and modifying food ingredients. (DNR)
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