The victory allows the Bulls to go 6-1 at the start of the new season and stand out leaders in the Central Division.
Guard Zach LaVine scored 26 points and Montenegrin Swiss center Nikola Vucevic finished with a double-double of 11 points, 10 rebounds and nine assists for the Bulls, who beat Boston 38-11 in the fourth period to convert from a 14 deficit. points to a win by 14 points.
Guard Jaylen Brown scored 28 as the leader of the Celtics, who have lost three straight games and left the field to boos after putting their mark at 2-5 with rookie coach Ime Udoka.
Dominican center Al Horford, who played 33 minutes, had a double-double of 20 points and 10 rebounds, and power forward Jayson Tatum scored 20 points for the Boston team.
Spanish power forward Juancho Hernangómez went out on the field for a minute with the Celtics and had no statistical contribution.
The Celtics held a 94-75 lead with three minutes into the third quarter and were still up 103-89 going into the fourth. But Chicago scored the first 12 points of the fourth quarter to cut the deficit to two (103-101) with eight minutes remaining.
Ayo Dosunmu, selected in the second round of the university draw and who surpassed the barrier of 10 points with 14, hit a triple with 6:53 seconds left and that gave the Bulls a 105-106 advantage.
The Celtics briefly regained the lead, but Chicago scored 18 of the next 20 points to secure the victory.