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More than half of men aged 55-74 are economically active. PHOTO: ARCHIVE
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74 is the average life expectancy in our country
Analog and paper generation are more dedicated as employees
Over 1.2 million of working Bulgarians will be over 55 in 2035. Now they are just over 702 thousand, or 23% of all workers.
In 2000, 100 people leaving the labor market were replaced by 124. Today, there are 64 substitutes per 100 people leaving the labor market. This is shown by the results of the Bulgarian Chamber of Commerce in the project “Joint actions of the social partners to adapt the work environment to the specific age needs of different generations, in order to promote longer working lives and ability to work.”
At the same time, life expectancy in our country is 74 years. One of the reasons is that a significant part of people of working age – mostly over 40 years, have chronic diseases. 22% of them suffer from high blood pressure. They have 10% with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 8.2% with diabetes.
“People with chronic illnesses and their relatives who care for them informally face serious difficulties in accessing the labor market or staying in work. This leads to financial difficulties, social exclusion, deteriorating health and a growing need for medical care, “explained Tomcho Tomov of BIA.
Changes in labor law are needed to motivate people to stay longer in the labor market. Among them are measures for mobility and reintegration of the able-bodied over 50, introduction of partial retirement and retention of employment through a contract for training of the younger ones.
Tax relief and subsidies for hiring workers over 58
The state to co-finance the mentors in the enterprises is another measure.
11% of the workers in our country are from generation Z. It is between 18-26 years old. The motivation of this digital generation is to work in order to improve and mainly to have fun. They want a high salary, but they want to work in a reputable company with modern technology. They are looking for diversity, challenges and training. About 20% of the young people are representatives of the so-called group of NEETs – neither learning nor working, which puts us in the top three in Europe after Italy and Greece. Part of the generation does not want to take on social responsibilities, trying at all costs to extend
the pleasure of life, refuses to think
for family and career, wants to try new things,
also shows the BIA study. About 35% of Generation Z have the attitude to leave the country, live and work in another country. The most preferred countries for labor migration are England, Germany, France, Italy, the Scandinavian countries, Spain, Finland, USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand.
26% of workers are from Generation Y. These are people between the ages of 27 and 39. Millennials work to achieve and succeed. For them, motivation is an opportunity for development. They are looking for a fair assessment and immediate incentives. Effective organization and independence are important to them. Most members of Generation Y want a family and a favorite job, but they make careful choices so as not to repeat the mistakes of their parents. On the other hand, they lead in the percentage of illegitimate children. They meet through online dating sites and applications such as Tinder, Fdating and others. Due to the pervasive nature of social media, the need to look perfect has become a fixed idea for the generation. There are big differences in social networks in how the two generations Y and Z perceive their online personalities. While Generation Y posts scandalous selfies on Facebook and Instagram, Z is far more cautious and prefers to use anonymous social media platforms such as Secret, Whisper or Snapchat, where any compromising images disappear almost instantly, the study said.
Generation Y are consumers, but unlike Z they are much more impulsive and willing to spend on unplanned purchases. Both generations want everything now and keep the work entertaining them, having quick results and rewards.
18% of them are willing to leave the country, preferring EU countries.
The largest group is of generation X. They represent 40% of the workforce and this includes people between 40 and 54. This analog generation works to live. They want a high salary, but they insist on predictability and stability. It is important for them to have competent management, but without strict rules, and the workload to be moderate. People of this generation have long been accustomed to independence, which has made them independent, self-sufficient and resourceful. They can rely mainly on themselves, have more realistic expectations and are more pragmatic. Many of them say they are
“Pressed by life” because of the many responsibilities –
family support, loan repayment and care for children and elderly parents. Burnout is much more pronounced in them. Generation X people make up the majority of the class of entrepreneurs and top managers in Bulgaria. Only 15% of them think about migration.
23% of the workers are from generation T. These are people between 55 and 65, who are also called the paper generation. They live to work. They are looking for job security and health benefits. They adhere to clear and strict rules, respect and esteem, as well as opportunities to pass on knowledge and experience. About 4% of the representatives of the generation have an attitude for labor mobility or leaving the country. Unlike other generations who are looking for higher pay, their motives are to be closer to their children and to have access to a better health care system.
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